Fake Noûs

Fake Noûs is a Substack platform that dives into a wide range of critical discussions encompassing philosophy, politics, arts, and ethics, while also scrutinizing social phenomena, political ideologies, and cultural trends. It employs both analysis and critique to address contemporary issues, theoretical frameworks, and public figures with the aim of fostering reasoned discourse.

Philosophy Politics Arts and Culture Ethics and Morality Social Phenomena Education Economics Immigration Marriage and Society Political Theory

The hottest Substack posts of Fake Noûs

And their main takeaways

An Introduction to the Problem of Authority

289 implied HN points • 22 Feb 25
📖 Philosophy Political theory Libertarianism Authority Social contract Democracy
  1. Political authority means the government has power over people, but there isn't a solid reason why they should have that power. We question if anyone should truly rule over others.
  2. Common ideas, like the social contract or democracy, are often debated and criticized. Many believe that just because a majority votes for something, it doesn't make it right, especially if it harms a minority.
  3. The recognition of personal rights and the belief that the government shouldn't have special rules for itself leads many to a more libertarian view, promoting the idea that individuals should be free from unjust coercion.

First World Problems: Dating

165 implied HN points • 16 Feb 25
🎭️ Culture Relationships Society Gender Mental health Lifestyle
  1. Finding a partner is a big problem for many people today. This problem is tough because of differing desires between men and women, leading to frustration and dissatisfaction.
  2. The issue of being single can lead to serious feelings of loneliness and even increase the risk of suicide among men. This need for connection is felt deeply and can have major consequences.
  3. Potential solutions to the dating problem might include technology like robot partners, or even changing how we feel through drugs or genetic engineering. These ideas could help ease the pain of being single.

Are Men and Women Different?

1079 implied HN points • 01 Feb 25
🎭️ Culture Gender Studies Psychology Evolutionary Theory Sociology Philosophy
  1. Men and women are different in many ways, especially on average, like strength and interests. It’s important to recognize these differences, but it doesn’t mean every individual fits those patterns.
  2. Some people believe these differences come from culture, but many differences are actually seen across different societies and even species. This suggests they are more than just social norms.
  3. The main reason for these differences comes from how men and women reproduce and invest in offspring. This impacts behavior, risk-taking, and interests, which helps explain why men and women often act the way they do.

In Defense of Illegal Immigration

200 implied HN points • 08 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Immigration Ethics Law Political theory Social Issues
  1. Illegal immigrants have no moral reason to respect immigration laws. If they have a chance to improve their lives by moving, they shouldn’t feel guilty about doing it, even if it's illegal.
  2. Even if we assume the state has authority and its laws are justified, it doesn't mean that potential immigrants have any obligation to follow those laws.
  3. Many beliefs about authority suggest that the government's power doesn't apply to people trying to immigrate illegally. So, even if someone thinks the government is legitimate, it doesn't change the reasoning for illegal migrants.

Tax Breaks for the Rich

572 implied HN points • 25 Jan 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Tax policy Income Inequality Wealth Distribution Government spending Political theory
  1. The current tax system in the U.S. is very progressive, meaning the rich pay a larger percentage of their income in taxes, but some believe it's still not fair for the wealthy.
  2. There are different arguments about how taxes should be distributed, like paying based on ability, benefits received, or costs incurred, but many don't support the idea of higher tax rates for the rich.
  3. Some argue that high taxes on the rich hurt economic growth by discouraging investment and productivity, suggesting that everyone, including the middle class, should contribute to taxes more fairly.
Get a weekly roundup of the best Substack posts, by hacker news affinity:

Rich and Poor: How Things Work

702 implied HN points • 18 Jan 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Economic Theory Wealth Inequality Political Ideologies Social Mobility Labor Economics
  1. The left and right have very different views on how wealth is created and who deserves it. Leftists see rich people as taking advantage of workers, while rightists believe everyone contributes to wealth creation.
  2. Many people can move up the economic ladder, and success isn't solely about one's environment or education. Personal talent and hard work play a big role.
  3. The rich provide essential resources that support society, while the poor often rely on the wealthy for stability. Instead of resenting the rich, the poor could recognize their contributions.

Don't Be a Sucker

1805 implied HN points • 14 Dec 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Cultural critique Social Psychology
  1. Be aware of your desires and biases. Scammers often exploit what you want to believe in order to trick you.
  2. Stories that sound too good to be true usually are. If someone promises you big rewards with little effort, it's likely a scam.
  3. Stay critical and question motivations. If someone is benefiting from a situation, consider if their story is really altruistic.

Jerky Men and Crazy Women

631 implied HN points • 11 Jan 25
🎭️ Culture Gender Roles Stereotypes Relationships Psychology Evolutionary Theory
  1. There are common stereotypes where men think women are crazy and women think men are jerks. These ideas come from perceptions that may or may not be realistic.
  2. Men might be seen as jerks because self-centered behavior helped them succeed in the past. This might be related to competition among men for reproductive opportunities.
  3. Women can be seen as crazy if they show strong emotions, especially negative ones. This is often linked to how women have been traditionally more vulnerable in relationships.

Unconscionable Punishment

418 implied HN points • 21 Dec 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Criminal Justice Incarceration Policy Reform Social Issues
  1. America has a huge problem with mass incarceration, with many people in prison for non-violent crimes. This system brings a lot of harm to individuals and families, and it costs the government a lot of money.
  2. Prison conditions can be very abusive, and this abuse is often ignored. It's important to realize that when the state puts someone in prison, it has a responsibility for what happens to them there.
  3. Instead of relying heavily on prisons, we should consider alternatives like community service and forcing criminals to pay restitution to their victims. This could achieve similar benefits without the negative side effects of prisons.

Hollywood Morality

920 implied HN points • 02 Nov 24
🎭️ Culture Film Morality Media Philosophy Entertainment
  1. Hollywood often struggles with moral philosophy and promotes a kind of morality that seems unrealistic. Instead of dealing with complex situations, they opt for simple solutions that make heroes look good.
  2. In Hollywood, self-defense is tricky; heroes must wait for an attack before fighting back, even when it's clear they're in danger. This approach can make characters seem foolish and overly lenient.
  3. The way Hollywood portrays morality ignores real-world consequences. Their stories often end with characters benefiting from luck rather than genuine moral choices, which can lead to dangerous ideas about how to handle conflict.

Why Is There Antisemitism?

253 implied HN points • 28 Dec 24
🎭️ Culture History Religion Society Politics Conflict
  1. Antisemitism has deep historical roots, where Jews have often been unfairly blamed for various problems in society. This has led to longstanding prejudices against them.
  2. Cultural and religious differences have led to misunderstandings, contributing to the negative views about Jewish people. Many times, leaders have used Jews as scapegoats to distract from other issues.
  3. Modern antisemitism is fueled by conspiracy theories and ongoing conflicts, particularly the Arab-Israeli conflict. This often intensifies negative perceptions of Jews, even though these biases are widespread beyond just that conflict.

Finite Minds

188 implied HN points • 04 Jan 25
📖 Philosophy Epistemology Metaphysics Ethics Logic
  1. Infinitism in beliefs means you could have an endless chain of reasons for thinking something is true. However, since our minds are limited, it's hard to have a true infinite number of reasons.
  2. Beliefs must be based on more than just potential ideas or past thoughts; they need to be actively supported by real experiences or evidence to count as justified.
  3. Even when considering complex ideas like math or colors, our ability to truly grasp or hold onto those beliefs is still bound by our finite understanding and memory.

What Happened?

584 implied HN points • 16 Nov 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Elections Candidates Political Behavior Political Philosophy Campaign strategies
  1. Many people find Trump's character appealing, despite his controversial actions. They admire traits like honesty in his bluntness and a strong, dominant personality.
  2. Trump's supporters often view his behavior as a sign of strength and masculinity. This admiration can make them overlook his scandals and lies.
  3. Some voters feel emotionally connected to Trump, almost like he's a cult leader. They follow him not because of policies, but because they resonate with his boldness and confidence.

The Best Charity Isn't What You Think

259 implied HN points • 07 Dec 24
📖 Philosophy Ethics Utilitarianism Animal Rights Effective Altruism Moral Philosophy
  1. Helping shrimp can be much more effective than trying to save humans or other animals. Just one dollar can save around 1,600 shrimp from a painful death every year, which is a huge impact for a small amount.
  2. Many people don't realize that shrimp can suffer, but research shows they experience pain similar to other animals. This means their suffering matters too, and we should consider it when thinking about doing good.
  3. The shrimp welfare project is underfunded but incredibly effective. Supporting it can make a big difference in preventing animal suffering while costing very little.

For Pushing Large Men Off Bridges

271 implied HN points • 23 Nov 24
📖 Philosophy Ethics Utilitarianism Moral dilemmas Critical Thinking
  1. Utilitarianism suggests that we should act in ways that maximize overall happiness. This means if you can save five people by sacrificing one, it might seem like the right choice to push the one off the bridge.
  2. Some arguments challenge the idea of not pushing someone off the bridge. For example, if pushing them means saving more lives, it may not be wrong to do so.
  3. The concept of 'undoing' actions also plays a role. If you push a person off the bridge but can pull them back before harm is done, it challenges whether that initial push was truly wrong.

Can Constitutions Limit Government?

348 implied HN points • 09 Nov 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Constitutional Law Government Structure Civil Liberties Political theory
  1. Many people believe constitutions limit government powers, but in reality, governments often operate outside these limits. Most actions by the government are not authorized by the Constitution.
  2. One big reason the Constitution fails is that there's no one to enforce its rules against the government. It's like letting robbers control the police; they won't enforce laws against themselves.
  3. To make a better constitution, we might need new ideas, like requiring a supermajority to pass laws or having a special court to deal with constitutional issues. This could help protect people's rights from government overreach.

Bad Karmala

117 implied HN points • 30 Nov 24
⚔ Fiction Satire Political Storytelling Comedy Creative Writing
  1. The story is about a fictional election where Karmala Harris refuses to accept losing to Donald Trump. She believes the election results were manipulated and insists they should fight back.
  2. Despite evidence showing Trump performed better than before, Karmala argues that there must have been voter fraud because she can't believe so many people switched their votes away from her.
  3. The media and Karmala's supporters rally behind her claims, spreading her message of a stolen election, even though there's no solid proof provided.

The Duty to Disregard the Law

100 implied HN points • 26 Oct 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Legal theory Civil Rights Criminal Justice Moral Philosophy
  1. Juries should avoid contributing to injustice. This means not convicting someone who didn't actually do anything wrong or punishing them too harshly.
  2. Sometimes laws are unjust, and it’s important for juries to recognize this. Disregarding such laws can be a moral duty, just like not helping wrongdoers.
  3. The common reasons people give for convicting in unjust cases are not very strong. It's important to think critically about the fairness of the law and its application.

Why Can't We Solve the Arab-Israeli Conflict?

483 implied HN points • 17 Feb 24
🌍 World Politics Middle East
  1. The Arab-Israeli conflict has been ongoing for decades and has garnered significant attention, especially after specific events.
  2. Following the October 7 attacks, there seems to be an increased level of sympathy for the cause of Hamas from left-leaning observers in the West.
  3. The post requires a paid subscription to access additional content.

Why Do Progressives Like Islam?

395 implied HN points • 02 Mar 24
🌍 World Politics Progressivism Islam
  1. Progressives support Muslims as part of their focus on oppressed groups like women, blacks, and the poor.
  2. The definition of oppressed groups for progressives has expanded over the years to include Muslims as important.
  3. Leftists have a foundation in advocating for those who are marginalized and have continued this trend with Muslims.

The Price of Liberalism: The Fertility Problem

365 implied HN points • 23 Dec 23
🎭️ Culture Liberalism Fertility Philosophy Technology Society
  1. The world is experiencing a decline in fertility rates, particularly in more prosperous nations.
  2. Liberalism, with its focus on individual freedom and prosperity, may contribute to the decline in fertility due to factors like career options and personal pursuits.
  3. Possible solutions to the fertility problem include promoting the idea that having children is valuable, advancing technology like artificial wombs, and providing incentives for people to have more children.

Beethoven vs. Baby Shark

377 implied HN points • 09 Dec 23
🎭️ Culture Art Music Philosophy Literature Beauty
  1. Baby Shark has brought more total enjoyment and viewership compared to Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata.
  2. The quality of aesthetic pleasure produced by art can be a factor in determining its value.
  3. The purpose and definition of art play a significant role in determining its artistic value.

Why People Are Irrational About Politics

230 implied HN points • 24 Feb 24
📖 Philosophy Psychology Politics
  1. The post discusses why people are irrational about politics and presents an explanation for this behavior.
  2. The content is available only for paid subscribers, indicating a sense of exclusivity.
  3. The author references a publication in _Philosophy, Politics, and Economics_ as a basis for the post, showing an academic foundation.

U.S. Supreme Court Chickens Out

200 implied HN points • 09 Mar 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Supreme Court Presidency Election
  1. The Colorado Supreme Court ruled Trump ineligible for the Presidency but the USSC overruled this decision, sparking discussion on why they did this
  2. The decision on whether Trump should appear on the Republican primary ballot in Colorado was contested between state and federal jurisdictions
  3. The article delves into the implications of the USSC overruling the Colorado Supreme Court decision

What's So Great About Marriage?

312 implied HN points • 30 Sep 23
🏥 Health & Wellness Marriage Benefits
  1. Skepticism and humor around the concept of marriage is common, but many people still take marriage vows seriously.
  2. Marriage serves important social functions like providing stable child-rearing environments and reducing social strife.
  3. Getting married can offer personal benefits like longevity, happiness, and financial savings, along with legal and social recognition.

Two Master Fallacies

306 implied HN points • 16 Sep 23
🚌 Education Logic Critical Thinking
  1. Assumption is a common error where people quickly believe something with little evidence.
  2. Dogmatism is the resistance to changing beliefs, even in the face of evidence.
  3. To avoid assumption, consider alternatives, objections, empirical tests, and listen to different perspectives. To combat dogmatism, question your beliefs and avoid dogmatic techniques like ignoring contrary evidence and appealing only to your belief system.

In Praise of Passivity

277 implied HN points • 23 Sep 23
📖 Philosophy Knowledge Values Rationality Social theory
  1. History shows that solutions without proper knowledge often do more harm than good.
  2. Public ignorance and the dismissal of expert advice are major obstacles in policymaking.
  3. Rational ignorance, lack of clear motives, and the complexity of social issues contribute to our inability to effectively address societal problems.

Is There a Right to Immigrate?

324 implied HN points • 01 Jul 23
🌍 World Politics Immigration Rights Nationalism Economics Ethics
  1. Immigration restrictions can violate individual rights by preventing people from escaping poverty or oppression.
  2. There is a simple argument that supports the idea that immigration restrictions are typically wrong.
  3. Reasons often given for restricting immigration, like protecting jobs or culture, may not justify the harmful coercion and violation of rights that come with those restrictions.

The State

342 implied HN points • 20 May 23
📖 Philosophy Authority Utilitarianism Fairness Social contract Anarchism
  1. The problem of authority in political philosophy questions the basis for political legitimacy and obligation.
  2. The Utilitarian Account suggests the state's authority comes from providing social order, but doesn't explain unnecessary laws.
  3. Anarchism challenges the notion of state authority, advocating for minimal coercive activities and privatization of necessary government functions.

The Vice of Crappy Moralism

289 implied HN points • 10 Jun 23
📖 Philosophy Ethics Morality Judgment Social media Gossip
  1. Social media often invites us to judge others, but we may not truly know the whole story.
  2. Crappy moralizing involves gossiping, invading privacy, piling on attacks, and seeking a false sense of superiority.
  3. There are times when moral judgment is necessary, like addressing mistreatment or evaluating public officials, but excessive moralizing may not be helpful.

Who Is the Next President?

271 implied HN points • 27 May 23
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Election Candidates Debate Campaign
  1. The Republican nomination for the next president is likely to go to Trump due to strong support and lack of serious challengers.
  2. The Democratic nominee for the next president is expected to be Biden, with little competition, despite concerns about health and moderate views.
  3. In a potential rematch between Trump and Biden, factors like inflation, Biden's policies, and health may heavily influence the outcome.

Education: How Can It Cost So Much?

294 implied HN points • 15 Apr 23
🚌 Education Cost Research
  1. College education has become extremely costly over the last 50 years, with average tuition soaring to high levels.
  2. A significant portion of the high cost of college goes to faculty salaries, research, administrative work, and not necessarily to benefit students directly.
  3. Academia's administrative procedures can be overly redundant, biased, and counterproductive, leading to high costs without much added value.

Inferential Appearances

82 implied HN points • 16 Mar 24
📖 Philosophy Epistemology Inference
  1. The post discusses how inferential justification is obtained through appearances.
  2. Explicitly inferring a belief from a premise is highlighted as a method of gaining this justification.
  3. The post is for paid subscribers, with the option to subscribe or sign in for those already subscribed.