The hottest International relations Substack posts right now

And their main takeaways
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Doomberg • 7068 implied HN points • 27 May 25
🌍 World Politics International relations Military conflict Geopolitics
  1. Estonia is caught between major powers and has a history of being controlled by others. Its small size and location make it vulnerable but also strategically important.
  2. There is a NATO obligation for members to defend Estonia if it's attacked. Recent incidents in the Gulf of Finland have increased tensions between Estonia and Russia.
  3. The relationship between the U.S. and NATO could be affected by how European leaders, especially those in Estonia, handle conflicts with Russia. It's important to pay attention to these developments.

Matti Friedman: The Family that Never Came Home

Common Sense with Bari Weiss • 788 implied HN points • 20 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Current Events International relations Human Rights Media Social Issues
  1. A family from Israel faced a tragic loss, as the husband returned home alive but his wife and two children did not. Their deaths shocked the community, making it hard for people to accept the reality at first.
  2. On a certain day, masked individuals displayed four coffins at a ceremony in Gaza, while Israeli TV chose to show happy pictures of the deceased taken before the conflict. This highlights the stark difference in how narratives are presented in media.
  3. The piece reflects on the emotional impact of loss during war and how it can affect families, leading to deep sorrow and disbelief among their loved ones.

Clarity After Iran Strike, as Israel Tries to Pivot to Nuclear Arc

Simplicius's Garden of Knowledge • 14008 implied HN points • 04 Oct 24
🌍 World Politics International relations Middle East Conflict analysis Nuclear policy Geopolitics
  1. Israel faced significant challenges with its air defenses when Iranian missile strikes were more successful than previous attacks. This suggests that Iran has been learning and improving its strategies.
  2. There's a mix of opinions about whether Iran was really trying to hit specific targets or just sending a message. Some believe the strikes were accurate while others think they were done to avoid major damage.
  3. Tensions are rising as Israel and the US are contemplating serious military responses against Iran, while Iran has managed to strengthen ties with other countries like Saudi Arabia amidst these conflicts.

There Is No Antisemitism Crisis In Australia. It's A Carefully Constructed Lie.

Caitlin’s Newsletter • 2179 implied HN points • 15 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Media Antisemitism Public Policy International relations Social Issues
  1. There is a belief that the accusations of antisemitism in Australia are exaggerated or fabricated. Some incidents that were labeled as antisemitic may have been staged or manipulated.
  2. The media plays a significant role in shaping public perceptions around antisemitism, sometimes conflating criticism of Israel with hatred toward Jewish people.
  3. The real issues in Australia might be more related to anti-Palestinian sentiments and general apathy toward serious humanitarian crises, rather than a widespread problem of antisemitism.

Asia's Great Power Wars

ChinaTalk • 815 implied HN points • 13 Feb 25
🌍 World Politics International relations Geopolitics Historical context Conflict resolution
  1. East Asian countries have a long history of peaceful coexistence, unlike Europe, where wars were common. They managed to build relationships based on respect and understanding, even with power imbalances.
  2. Many conflicts in East Asia were driven by internal issues rather than outside threats. Most dynasties fell because of internal problems, showing that the real danger often comes from within rather than from other nations.
  3. The idea that smaller nations have to band together against a bigger power like China isn't always true. East Asian countries often engage with China on their own terms, navigating relationships carefully without treating it as a direct threat.
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Andrew Roberts: The Historical Case for Trump’s Gaza Plan

Common Sense with Bari Weiss • 3366 implied HN points • 10 Feb 25
🌍 World Politics International relations Conflict Studies Global Governance
  1. Countries that start aggressive wars often lose their sovereignty or governments when they are defeated. This is shown in history with several examples.
  2. The world often assumes the Palestinians still have the right to govern themselves, but their actions in conflict could change that.
  3. Historical precedents show that unprovoked attacks lead to significant consequences for the attackers, often resulting in loss of power and territory.

Present at the Destruction

The Cosmopolitan Globalist • 7 implied HN points • 21 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Policy Elections International relations Security Trade policy
  1. The U.S. has built a strong global order through NATO and free trade after World War II, which led to peace and prosperity. This system is now in jeopardy due to current policies that threaten these alliances.
  2. The recent political shifts in the U.S. are causing worries among European nations about their security, as there is a sense that they can no longer rely on American support. This fear has led Europe to rethink its defense strategies.
  3. A shift away from established democratic values and alliances can lead to chaos and potential conflicts, as abandoning cooperation only benefits adversaries like Russia and China.

Top Links 650 Why Europe and India are still buying Russian energy. Friedman and Schwartz disaggregated. Cuba in Africa and the decline of the all-nighter.

Chartbook • 386 implied HN points • 15 Feb 25
🌍 World Politics International relations Energy Politics Geopolitics European Politics
  1. Europe and India continue to purchase Russian energy because it remains cheap and reliable. This reliance is significant even amidst global tensions.
  2. The discussion includes analysis from Friedman and Schwartz, providing insights into different perspectives regarding energy purchases.
  3. There are broader topics addressed, like Cuba's role in Africa and cultural shifts such as the decline of late-night activities, suggesting a variety of social dynamics at play.

Washington Drops Ukraine, Israel Backs Down On Hamas Demands

Caitlin’s Newsletter • 2360 implied HN points • 13 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Policy National Security International relations Geopolitics Conflict resolution
  1. The U.S. is no longer supporting Ukraine's NATO membership and is discussing territory compromises for peace, which could deeply affect Ukraine's future.
  2. Israel appears to be easing its stance regarding a ceasefire with Hamas, leading to an increased flow of aid into Gaza.
  3. This situation serves as a reminder for other allies of the U.S. about the potential risks of getting involved in conflicts tied to U.S. interests.

Just Say Thank You and Shut Up

Phillips’s Newsletter • 413 implied HN points • 01 Mar 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Trumpism Democracy Foreign Policy International relations Government
  1. Trump's recent remarks show his belief that countries like Ukraine should just be grateful and not push back against his or Putin's views. This attitude reflects a serious misunderstanding of Ukraine's need for sovereignty and freedom.
  2. There is a clear need for Europeans to support Ukraine and act confidently in their own interests rather than cater to Trump’s demands. European nations have the resources to help but need to focus on doing so independently.
  3. Americans who support democracy need to work hard to challenge Trumpism, especially in the upcoming 2026 elections. It's important to regain control to support values of freedom and democracy.

Weekend Update #122: Trump Opens His Mouth and Putin Comes Out

Phillips’s Newsletter • 250 implied HN points • 02 Mar 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Political Analysis International relations Media influence War reporting Public Perception
  1. Trump appears to fully support Putin's views, especially regarding Ukraine's military situation. This shows a concerning alignment with Russia's narrative.
  2. There is a belief that Ukraine is in worse shape than it actually is. Recent reports indicate that the Ukrainian military is holding strong despite Russian advances.
  3. European leaders need to recognize that Trump cannot be a reliable ally for Ukraine and should focus on supportive strategies independent of the U.S.

The Paris AI Anti-Safety Summit

Don't Worry About the Vase • 4390 implied HN points • 12 Feb 25
🕹 Technology AI safety International relations Policy Analysis Regulation Public Perception
  1. The recent Paris AI Summit shifted focus away from safety and risk management, favoring economic opportunities instead. Many leaders downplayed potential dangers of advanced AI.
  2. International cooperation on AI safety has weakened, with past agreements being ignored. This leaves little room for developing effective safety regulations as AI technologies rapidly evolve.
  3. The emphasis on voluntary commitments from companies may not be enough to ensure safety. Experts believe a more structured regulatory framework is needed to address serious risks associated with AI.

What Europe Should Have Done To Prepare For With Trump

Phillips’s Newsletter • 146 implied HN points • 03 Mar 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics International relations Military Policy Political parties European Politics
  1. Europe needs to prepare for possible changes in U.S. support, especially if a populist leader who is not pro-NATO comes to power. This could affect their security and NATO's strength.
  2. The divide between U.S. political views on support for Ukraine and European perspectives is growing. European countries, especially those near Russia, see the war as a direct threat.
  3. If the U.S. reduces support for Ukraine, Europe must step up its military production and planning. Countries need to work together to ensure they can defend themselves effectively.

February 24, 2025

Letters from an American • 20 implied HN points • 25 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Policy Elections Military Leadership International relations
  1. Ukraine has managed to resist Russia's invasion for three years, showing strong determination and military growth despite heavy losses.
  2. Russia's economy is struggling due to sanctions and military losses, while the U.S. has recently shifted its stance on supporting Ukraine.
  3. European leaders are stepping up to fill the gap left by the U.S. under Trump's leadership, as they seek to strengthen their position against Russia.

Israel Admits It Violated The Ceasefire And Hamas Did Not

Caitlin’s Newsletter • 2174 implied HN points • 12 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Policy Conflict resolution International relations Media Analysis Political Commentary
  1. Israel has acknowledged that it violated the ceasefire while Hamas did not break any agreements. This is significant because it sheds light on the true cause of the ongoing tensions.
  2. The ceasefire is in danger as Israel has introduced new demands that were not part of the original agreement. This could lead to renewed fighting if Hamas feels pushed too hard.
  3. There is concern that the media may not report these facts accurately, so it's important for people to stay informed about what is happening behind the scenes.

The Nord Stream Anniversary & Europe’s Stockholm Syndrome

Glenn’s Substack • 1798 implied HN points • 27 Sep 24
🌍 World Politics Geopolitics International relations Security Studies Military Strategy Energy Politics
  1. The Nord Stream pipeline attack severed Europe's energy ties with Russia, leading to significant economic changes for both regions.
  2. Initially, the US and NATO blamed Russia for the attack, but later reports suggested that Ukraine might have been involved while evidence pointed to a possible US connection.
  3. As the narrative around the attack evolved, European nations began to turn against each other, showing tensions and doubts about their alliances.

Lessons on birth rates: Japan and South Korea

Faster, Please! • 456 implied HN points • 27 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Demographics Policy Economics Social Issues International relations
  1. South Korea's birth rate has slightly increased, from 0.72 to 0.75. This small rise gives some hope to policymakers about slowing the country's declining population.
  2. Japan faces a significant demographic challenge with low birth rates, which impacts its economy and society. This situation highlights the importance of addressing demographic decline.
  3. Both countries show that while it’s tough, there can be small improvements in birth rates. Understanding what works in one country may help others tackle similar issues.

What the Right Kind of Nationalism Sounds Like.

Breaking the News • 2206 implied HN points • 02 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Leadership Nationalism Trade policy International relations
  1. Leadership requires addressing national interests clearly and passionately. Trudeau spoke strongly about the importance of Canada and the negative effects of trade wars.
  2. Effective communication is about explaining complex issues without being rude. Trudeau made sure his American audience understood the consequences of tariffs without sounding threatening.
  3. National pride can be expressed in a respectful way. Trudeau delivered a firm message about Canada’s values and partnerships while emphasizing that the country would stand up for itself.

Manufacturing is a war now

Noahpinion • 45765 implied HN points • 04 Dec 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Manufacturing Trade policy Defense Strategy International relations Economic Policy
  1. Manufacturing is becoming a major struggle between countries, especially between democracies and China. If a conflict arises, it could lead to serious consequences for those not producing enough weapons.
  2. China is rapidly increasing its production capabilities across various industries, including military manufacturing. As a result, other countries are facing challenges in competing against China.
  3. Both major political parties in the U.S. are not fully addressing the manufacturing threat from China. A more balanced strategy involving tariffs, industrial policies, and collaboration with allies is needed to tackle this issue.

The NIMBYs have learned to use AI 😩 (Odds and Ends #68)

Odds and Ends of History • 737 implied HN points • 06 Jun 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Housing policy Technology Environment International relations Economic issues
  1. NIMBYs are now using AI to oppose new projects, which could make building more difficult. This shift shows how technology is changing public opposition.
  2. There's a sense that abundance is the key to solving high living costs, suggesting we need more resources and options available for people.
  3. The conflict in Ukraine has transformed warfare, particularly with the use of drones, leading to new tactics and challenges in modern combat.

The price of poker just went up

Unreported Truths • 35 implied HN points • 13 Jun 25
🌍 World Politics International relations Conflict Studies Security Studies
  1. Israel has launched a major attack on Iran's military and nuclear facilities. This move is seen as an all-out war rather than a warning, aiming to destroy Iran's nuclear capabilities and leadership.
  2. The attack has so far resulted in significant damage to Iran, including the confirmation of top military officials' deaths. However, Iran has not retaliated effectively, and its air force has been heavily impacted.
  3. While Israel has gained a tactical advantage, the long-term consequences of this attack are uncertain. It remains to be seen if Israel's strategy will lead to a significant change in Iran's nuclear ambitions or if it will strengthen Iran's resolve to pursue a nuclear program.

Precision and Perfection

Pieter’s Newsletter • 259 implied HN points • 28 Oct 24
🌍 World Politics Middle East Military Strategy International relations Conflict analysis Geopolitics
  1. Israel's recent attack on Iran was smart and planned, aiming to weaken Iran's defenses without causing much harm to civilians.
  2. The attack has raised doubts about Iran's leadership and how they protect their citizens, leading to growing discontent among the Iranian people.
  3. The situation highlights a stark contrast between Israel's modern military and Iran's struggling forces, showing a potential for change in the region.

Civil Rights Are Being Destroyed Throughout The West In Service Of Israel

Caitlin’s Newsletter • 2444 implied HN points • 08 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Civil Rights International relations Political Activism Government Policy
  1. Journalists are facing serious consequences for speaking out about Israel and its actions. Some have been detained and banned for expressing opinions that are seen as critical of Israel.
  2. There is a growing pattern of civil rights being weakened across many Western countries, supposedly to protect Israel. This trend is alarming as it impacts freedom of speech.
  3. The conflict between Israelis and Palestinians is deeply rooted in a long-term agenda to displace Palestinians from their land. Many believe that recent violence has been used as a pretext for further colonization.

Israel and Nuclear Weapons

John’s Substack • 5 implied HN points • 03 Mar 25
🌍 World Politics International relations Middle East Security Studies Geopolitics
  1. Israel has a nuclear deterrent that plays a crucial role in its national security. This means that having nuclear weapons helps protect Israel from potential threats.
  2. The competition between Israel and Iran is significantly influenced by nuclear weapons. This rivalry affects both countries' strategies and military decisions.
  3. Understanding how nuclear weapons shape international relations is key to grasping the complexities of Middle Eastern politics. It adds another layer to the security concerns in the region.

At least five interesting things: Build Something, Dammit! (#56)

Noahpinion • 17235 implied HN points • 30 Dec 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Political strategy Elections Public Policy International relations Labor Market
  1. There's a debate in progressive politics between focusing on delivering more goods and services for people versus fighting for control of the Democratic party's direction. Both sides have valid points, but it's important to prioritize tangible benefits for everyone.
  2. China's cyber espionage has grown alarmingly, with hackers accessing sensitive information from U.S. political figures. This raises concerns about privacy and national security, highlighting the need for stronger cybersecurity measures.
  3. Despite worries about disappearing good jobs, recent data shows that the landscape is changing. More high-skilled jobs in management and STEM are emerging, suggesting a positive shift in the job market.

Chartbook 349 Scholasticides

Chartbook • 2846 implied HN points • 28 Jan 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Education & Policy Cultural Issues International relations
  1. Cultural genocide is often part of larger genocidal plans. To erase a culture, you have to destroy its education and learning systems.
  2. Scholasticide, which targets educational institutions, can both support genocide and stand alone as an attack on a society's future.
  3. In conflicts like those in Gaza and Sudan, education systems face extreme challenges. The destruction in Gaza is unmatched, impacting universities and severing communication for students and educators.

Hillbilly Diplomacy

A Biologist's Guide to Life • 20 implied HN points • 28 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Policy Diplomacy Political Rhetoric International relations Elections
  1. America's good reputation is at risk due to poor diplomatic behavior from leaders like Trump and Vance. Their aggressive treatment of visiting officials can harm relationships with allies.
  2. Russia's invasion of Ukraine is a clear fact, and ignoring or misrepresenting it is seen as an ethical failure. Acknowledging this reality is crucial for proper diplomatic responses.
  3. Effective diplomacy requires understanding and managing delicate situations with care. Loud or aggressive behavior, especially in tense moments, can escalate conflicts and undermine U.S. interests.

On Mark Zuckerberg's Speech Announcement

TK News by Matt Taibbi • 11159 implied HN points • 07 Jan 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Free speech Censorship Regulation Social media International relations
  1. Mark Zuckerberg's call for free speech suggests a conflict between the U.S. and other countries over censorship laws. This highlights the challenges tech companies face globally.
  2. Zuckerberg believes the U.S. has a strong foundation for free expression, but countries like Europe and China are enforcing more censorship. This creates a tough environment for innovation.
  3. The recent changes in speech laws and agreements may lead to more battles over free expression. Zuckerberg's insights indicate that discussions on these topics are becoming more urgent.

How Biden Helped Bring War to Ukraine

Nonzero Newsletter • 542 implied HN points • 24 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Policy International relations Military Affairs Elections Political Analysis
  1. The U.S. adopted a more aggressive stance toward Russia after Biden became president, which changed the situation in Ukraine. This shift is seen as a major factor that contributed to the outbreak of war.
  2. Ukrainian President Zelensky initially aimed to make peace with Russia but faced pressure from both local nationalists and U.S. officials who feared his approach would weaken Ukraine's position.
  3. Trump's presidency was associated with a different strategy towards Russia that allowed for some diplomatic conversations. Some argue that his policies might have prevented the large-scale conflict we see now.

The Taiwan posts

Noahpinion • 9706 implied HN points • 09 Jan 25
🌍 World Politics Geopolitics International relations Conflict Studies Public Policy
  1. Taiwan has a unique culture that combines influences from both Chinese and Japanese traditions. It's famous for its delicious food and vibrant nightlife, making it a fun place to visit.
  2. Taiwan's public health system is highly effective, demonstrated by how well they handled the COVID-19 pandemic. They used strict measures and technology to keep their population safe.
  3. Taiwan is a progressive society, leading in areas like gender equality and LGBTQ+ rights. It's known for being tolerant and open-minded, setting an example in a region often dominated by conservatism.

Why Japan opened itself up to immigration

Noahpinion • 13059 implied HN points • 31 Dec 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Immigration Economics Policy International relations
  1. Japan used to be very strict about immigration for a long time, unlike many other rich countries. But starting around 2010, Japan began allowing more immigrants into the country.
  2. Despite not taking in many immigrants for years, Japan had a good quality of life during the 1990s and 2000s. However, the country faced issues like low wages and living standards, which led them to change their immigration policies.
  3. Many people think Japan is unique because of its racial homogeneity, but it's actually similar to other developed countries in how it deals with immigration. It's important not to create myths about Japan that could mislead other countries.

The Nonstop Military Operation Known As Israel

Caitlin’s Newsletter • 1848 implied HN points • 06 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Political Commentary International relations Media Critique Military Policy Social Issues
  1. Israel is demolishing homes and causing suffering in Gaza and neighboring areas while claiming to be engaged in military operations. This leads to many civilian casualties and ongoing humanitarian issues.
  2. The political narratives around Israel often shift based on which administration is in power, but both parties support actions that lead to the same harmful outcomes for Palestinians.
  3. People are quick to blame Middle Eastern conflicts on the cultures involved, but they ignore the historical context of Western interventions and atrocities that shaped these situations.

Time for NATO to Retire?

Glenn’s Substack • 1199 implied HN points • 24 Sep 24
🌍 World Politics International relations Security Studies Geopolitics Military Alliances Historical context
  1. NATO is seen by some as outdated and stuck in Cold War thinking. It focuses on dividing the world into good and evil, which may not lead to real security.
  2. The expansion of NATO has created conflicts rather than resolving them. This approach often leads to more militarization and tensions with countries like Russia.
  3. There's a call for a new way of thinking about security that includes cooperation with former adversaries instead of forming exclusive military alliances.

At least five interesting things: Will of the Masses edition (#55)

Noahpinion • 17353 implied HN points • 16 Dec 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Public Opinion Elections Social media Immigration International relations
  1. Many young Americans are moving away from platforms like X (formerly Twitter) and Facebook. They are using social media less, possibly because they prefer real-life interactions or find these platforms unhealthy.
  2. The rise of drones is changing our lives and making us more vulnerable. As drones become more common, people are realizing the potential threats they pose to safety and privacy.
  3. Asian voters are increasingly leaning towards the GOP in elections. Key issues driving this shift include concerns about crime, inflation, and educational opportunities.

Top Links 645 Trump's assault on the North American division of labour continued. How the eurdollar system works. North Korea's aerial trash bombardment & FDR on the Arsenal of Democracy.

Chartbook • 472 implied HN points • 10 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Trade policy Tariffs Economics International relations Political Analysis
  1. Trump is pushing for tariffs on aluminium and steel imports, which could affect the US economy. It's important to know that the US relies a lot on imported aluminium.
  2. The eurdollar system is explained, which is key for understanding international finance. It plays a significant role in global trade and economics.
  3. North Korea is using aerial trash bombardment as a tactic, highlighting serious issues of conflict. This kind of action reflects the ongoing tensions in the region.

Strategic Ambiguity vs. Clarity

ChinaTalk • 459 implied HN points • 10 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Policy Military Strategy International relations
  1. Strategic ambiguity means the US isn't clear about defending Taiwan, aiming to prevent both Taiwan's independence and Chinese aggression. This policy has been followed since Nixon, but some think it's outdated.
  2. Strategic clarity would mean the US openly commits to defending Taiwan, which could deter China and reassure allies, but might provoke a stronger Chinese response.
  3. The debate is ongoing, with many arguing for evidence-based choices instead of just sticking to old beliefs, given the evolving situation in Taiwan and China.

A Nuclear War in Ukraine Is a Distinct Possibility

Glenn’s Substack • 1278 implied HN points • 23 Sep 24
🌍 World Politics Geopolitics Conflict Nuclear Issues International relations
  1. NATO's involvement in Ukraine has escalated tensions and contributed to the conflict. This involvement is seen as a major factor in Russia's decision to invade Ukraine.
  2. There were opportunities for peace that were sabotaged by Western leaders, showing that the conflict has become a proxy war. This raises concerns that Ukraine is being used as a tool in a larger geopolitical struggle.
  3. The situation risks escalating to a nuclear war as Russia views NATO's presence as an existential threat. The current standoff is very dangerous, and many feel it could lead to severe consequences.

Why is Europe Staying in an Abusive Relationship?

Phillips’s Newsletter • 174 implied HN points • 28 Feb 25
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Foreign Relations Political Analysis International relations Trump presidency European Politics
  1. Europe feels trapped in a bad relationship with Trump, similar to how people stay in abusive situations due to fear and intimidation.
  2. Many European leaders don't recognize the unhealthy dynamics at play, which causes them to excuse Trump's actions instead of addressing their own weaknesses.
  3. To truly protect themselves, Europe needs to acknowledge the reality of this relationship and start acting more independently and confidently.

A Trump presidency could unite Europe - in obedience

Gulf Stream Blues • 59 implied HN points • 31 Oct 24
🇺🇸 U.S. Politics Elections Far-right International relations Populism Sovereignty
  1. If Trump wins again, it could boost far-right parties in Europe. These parties are gaining popularity but not as much as Trump in the U.S.
  2. Some European leaders think a Trump presidency could shock Europe into becoming more independent. However, there's skepticism about whether this will really happen.
  3. It's likely that Europe's far-right might come together in support of Trump rather than against him, which could strengthen their power and influence.

Towards a Greater Middle Eastern War & Defeat in Ukraine

Glenn’s Substack • 1039 implied HN points • 24 Sep 24
🌍 World Politics Middle East Ukraine International relations Military Strategy Geopolitics
  1. The conflict in Gaza is spreading and could bring in more countries, which worries local leaders facing protests for not being tougher against Israel and the US.
  2. Ukraine is struggling with a lack of resources, and the situation is getting worse as public support is fading and political divisions grow.
  3. Both the Middle East and Ukraine are heading towards major wars, and the US seems to lack a clear plan to deal with these rising tensions.