The hottest Substack posts right now

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Yes, Americans are much richer than Japanese people

Noahpinion • 28353 implied HN points • 24 Dec 24
💰 Finance Economics Wealth Income
  1. Americans generally have a higher standard of living compared to Japanese people, especially when you look at their salaries. Even though Japan has a strong economy, many people earn significantly less than their American counterparts, especially for starting jobs.
  2. Living standards in Japan might seem appealing due to factors like safety and good public transportation, but these benefits can be overshadowed by long working hours and less leisure time. While Japan is safe and has beautiful cities, many people still work hard and face economic struggles.
  3. While GDP can show how wealthy a country is, it doesn't capture everything about quality of life. Americans have access to more modern conveniences and have higher average salaries, but Japan offers a safer and healthier living environment, which makes comparing them more complicated.

Why We Make the Exeter Hammer

The American Peasant • 2715 implied HN points • 27 Oct 24
💼 Business Product Development Entrepreneurship Manufacturing Marketing Sales
  1. The Exeter Hammer was developed over three years to create a lightweight, balanced tool ideal for furniture makers. It combines good design and functionality to improve woodworking tasks.
  2. The hammer's design process involved scrapping an earlier project that felt too similar to common hammers on the market. This led to creating a unique hammer that meets specific needs of woodworkers.
  3. The first 400 hammers sold quickly, showing a strong demand and approval from users. This success suggests that thoughtful design can resonate well with the target audience.

Moving On

Software Design: Tidy First? • 1060 implied HN points • 10 Jan 25
🕹 Technology Software Design Innovation Development Experiments
  1. It's important to recognize when to move on from a project that isn't working. You don't have to stick with something just because you've already invested time or resources into it.
  2. Balancing between believing in your ideas and treating them as experiments is key. If something isn't getting good feedback, it's okay to change direction and try something new.
  3. Using timeboxing can help you make better decisions about projects. Setting a time limit lets you step back and reconsider if it's worth continuing or if you should explore other options.

The value of grunge work

Wednesday Wisdom • 56 implied HN points • 15 Jan 25
🕹 Technology Software Development Agile Methodology Tech Debt Work Culture Engineering Practices
  1. Tech debt happens when we make bad decisions in software development. It can pile up, making fixing problems a big task for teams.
  2. Doing hands-on work, or 'grunge work,' helps deepen understanding of the tech systems. It’s crucial for maintaining and improving technology.
  3. To tackle tech debt effectively, it should be part of official job expectations. This way, everyone contributes and helps keep things running smoothly.

Join me for a conversation with Brett Berson, Partner at First Round Capital

Thinking in Bets • 138 implied HN points • 01 Nov 24
💼 Business Venture Capital Investment strategy Decision-making Startups
  1. Learn how a top venture capital firm has changed its investment processes. They focus on being more organized and efficient.
  2. Discover how to make better investment choices using data. A data-driven approach helps in making smarter decisions.
  3. Find out how to improve feedback loops in finance. Creating quicker feedback can help in long-term decision-making.
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Looking Back at 2024

The Asianometry Newsletter • 3299 implied HN points • 31 Dec 24
🕹 Technology Semiconductors Video content Research Travel Tech History
  1. The channel enjoyed a lot of growth in 2024, hitting impressive milestones with over 100 million lifetime views. It's amazing to think so many people watched the videos.
  2. Some favorite videos included stories about Nisei interpreters and Texas Instruments, which are rich in history and technology. These stories really resonate and are fun to tell.
  3. There are plans for 2025 to explore a mix of semiconductor topics and new themes to keep things fresh and engaging. It's all about balancing work and passion.

25 AI Predictions for 2025, from Marcus on AI

Marcus on AI • 8181 implied HN points • 01 Jan 25
🕹 Technology Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Predictions Safety Regulation
  1. In 2025, we still won't have genius-level AI like 'artificial general intelligence,' despite ongoing hype. Many experts believe it is still a long way off.
  2. Profits from AI companies are likely to stay low or nonexistent. However, companies that make the hardware for AI, like chips, will continue to do well.
  3. Generative AI will keep having problems, like making mistakes and being inconsistent, which will hold back its reliability and wide usage.

Battery production is genuinely difficult

Intercalation Station • 99 implied HN points • 01 Nov 24
🕹 Technology Battery tech Manufacturing Sustainability Electric Vehicles Innovation
  1. Making batteries is really hard. Even small mistakes can lead to big problems and waste.
  2. Northvolt faced issues with unrealistic goals and timelines from its management, leading to disorganization and challenges in their production process.
  3. Quality control and procurement problems contributed to the company's struggles, highlighting a need for clear communication and better management practices.

Five possible reasons China's productivity slowed down

Noahpinion • 15529 implied HN points • 28 Dec 24
💼 Business Economics International Trade Productivity Corporate strategy Market Trends
  1. China's productivity growth has slowed down due to hitting natural limits in technology absorption and an aging population. As they reached the tech frontier, it became harder to improve productivity at the same pace.
  2. R&D productivity in China is low, especially in state-owned companies. The focus has shifted to quantity over quality in research, leading to many low-quality studies and less innovation.
  3. China's economy is heavily reliant on investment rather than consumption. Unlike the U.S., which benefits from high consumer spending, China may be missing out on productivity gains from a robust consumer market.

The biggest creators are no longer in the merch business

Simon Owens's Media Newsletter • 648 implied HN points • 08 Jan 25
💼 Business Media Creators Ecommerce Streaming Content Strategy
  1. Top creators are moving away from selling low-quality merch and focusing on high-quality products that can compete with retail brands. This shift is about attracting a broader market beyond just their fans.
  2. Apple News has a huge user base and is likely the biggest source of traffic for traditional news outlets after Google. It highlights the importance of being present on major platforms to drive audience engagement.
  3. The current sports streaming landscape is complicated, with fans needing multiple subscriptions to access all games. A more straightforward solution could improve viewer experience and access to content.

TBM 331: Strategy & Decisiveness

The Beautiful Mess • 647 implied HN points • 03 Jan 25
💼 Business Strategy Decision-making Management Leadership Company Culture
  1. Being strategic involves making choices, but not all strategies are about being decisive. Sometimes, being flexible and open to options can be just as important.
  2. Real-world strategy often faces messy challenges. It's not just about having a perfect plan; it's about navigating the unpredictable nature of business and making practical decisions.
  3. It's okay to admit uncertainty and avoid over-pressuring teams for quick decisions. Some trade-offs and juggling acts are just part of the process.

Economics Links, 1/4/2024

In My Tribe • 470 implied HN points • 04 Jan 25
💰 Finance Market Trends Economic Theory Regulation Crypto Investing
  1. Paul Krugman talks about how gambling on asset prices is like a natural Ponzi scheme. People get caught up with optimism, which can lead to bigger financial risks.
  2. There are new types of market leaders, like Michael Saylor of MicroStrategy, who influence markets and create a kind of cult-like following among investors.
  3. In Argentina, Javier Milei is changing things by cutting government departments and privatizing state companies. His aim is to weaken the power of his political rivals.

Earlywood: Take My Advice, I’m Not Using It

The American Peasant • 2555 implied HN points • 26 Oct 24
💼 Business Entrepreneurship Networking Marketing Finance Self-employment
  1. Keep your day job until you are financially secure. It’s smart to build your business while you still have a steady income.
  2. Network with other creative people. Making friends in your field can lead to new opportunities and support when you need it.
  3. Learn a bit of everything. Knowing skills like photography and website design can save you money and help your business thrive.

Crazy bets on 2025 - 12 personal hedge funds predict the year

Five Links (and three graphs) by Auren Hoffman • 40 implied HN points • 13 Jan 25
💰 Finance Investing Predictions Economics Betting Market Analysis
  1. A group of twelve people made predictions about 2025 and placed bets on the outcomes. This makes it fun and competitive to see who can guess the future better.
  2. Last year's predictions didn't go well overall, with only a few being correct. It shows that forecasting the future can be really tricky.
  3. This year, they have some bold predictions about events in politics, the economy, and culture. Some predictions sound far-fetched, but others seem more likely.

Social Development > Self-Development

The Novelleist • 1639 implied HN points • 01 Jan 25
📖 Philosophy Self-development Social Responsibility Humanitarianism
  1. Helping others is more important than just focusing on ourselves. When we pay more attention to our communities, we find more happiness and purpose in our lives.
  2. A balance is needed between caring for our loved ones and thinking about the broader world. We should take care of our families, but also show concern for others beyond our immediate circle.
  3. Self-development is good, but too much can lead to selfishness. It's better to use our skills and time to help those around us instead of just working on improving ourselves.

5 Key Predictions for the Data Industry in 2025

SeattleDataGuy’s Newsletter • 412 implied HN points • 07 Jan 25
🕹 Technology Data Analysis AI Data Tools Business Intelligence Data Governance
  1. Iceberg will become popular, but not every business will adopt it. Many companies want simpler solutions that fit their needs without needing lots of complicated tools.
  2. SQL isn't going anywhere; it still works well for managing and querying data. People have realized that a bit of order in data is important for getting meaningful insights.
  3. AI use will become more practical, focusing on real-world applications rather than just hype. Companies will find specific tasks to automate using AI, making their workflows more efficient.

AI #96: o3 But Not Yet For Thee

Don't Worry About the Vase • 2464 implied HN points • 26 Dec 24
🕹 Technology AI Software Innovation Data science Computing
  1. The new AI model, o3, is expected to improve performance significantly over previous models and is undergoing safety testing. We need to see real-world results to know how useful it truly is.
  2. DeepSeek v3, developed for a low cost, shows promise as an efficient AI model. Its performance could shift how AI models are built and deployed, depending on user feedback.
  3. Many users are realizing that using multiple AI tools together can produce better results, suggesting a trend of combining various technologies to meet different needs effectively.

How Unix Spell Ran in 64kB RAM

Confessions of a Code Addict • 673 implied HN points • 12 Jan 25
🕹 Technology Software Engineering Computer Science Data Structures Algorithms Information Theory
  1. Unix engineers faced a big challenge in fitting a large dictionary into just 64kB of RAM. They came up with clever ways to compress the data and use efficient structures to make everything fit.
  2. A key part of their solution was the Bloom filter, which helped quickly check if words were in the dictionary without needing to look up every single word, saving time.
  3. They also used innovative coding methods to further reduce the size of the data needed for the dictionary, allowing for fast lookups while staying within the strict memory limits of their hardware.

What Learning by Doing Looks Like

Construction Physics • 25889 implied HN points • 12 Dec 24
🕹 Technology Engineering Innovation Research Manufacturing Energy
  1. Learning curves show that the more something is produced, the cheaper it gets. This happens because experience helps make production more efficient.
  2. The evolution of polycrystalline diamond drill bits shows that real-world experience is key to improving technology. Companies learned from failures and made better bits over time.
  3. Understanding how different bits work in different rocks was crucial for progress. Customizing the design of drill bits based on experience led to much better drilling performance.

How We Got the Lithium-Ion Battery

Construction Physics • 49690 implied HN points • 29 Nov 24
🕹 Technology Energy Storage Battery technology Research & Development Electronics
  1. The lithium-ion battery is key to many modern technologies like smartphones and electric vehicles. Its high energy density and rechargeable nature make it very useful.
  2. The battery's development took many years and involved multiple researchers from around the world. Many discoveries were made by chance, not through a clear, straight path.
  3. Advancements have made lithium-ion batteries much cheaper and more efficient over time. Innovations in materials and manufacturing have helped lower costs and boost production.

How SpaceX will finance Mars

Chris’s Substack • 99 implied HN points • 01 Nov 24
🕹 Technology Space Exploration
  1. SpaceX is financing Mars exploration by using profits from its existing projects, like Starlink. This means they're developing technology that can be sold to customers while also preparing for Mars.
  2. The goal is to create a self-sustaining city on Mars, which will require a lot of money. SpaceX hopes its commercial work will bring in huge revenue to support this ambitious plan.
  3. SpaceX has a unique approach: instead of waiting for government funding, they develop their technology first and then find buyers. This allows them to innovate quickly while still aiming for their Mars colony.

The Weekly Kaitchup #65

The Kaitchup – AI on a Budget • 59 implied HN points • 01 Nov 24
🕹 Technology AI Models Machine Learning Natural Language Text-to-Speech Data science
  1. SmolLM2 offers alternatives to popular models like Qwen2.5 and Llama 3.2, showing good performance with various versions available.
  2. The Layer Skip method improves the speed and efficiency of Llama models by processing some layers selectively, making them faster without losing accuracy.
  3. MaskGCT is a new text-to-speech model that generates high-quality speech without needing text alignment, providing better results across different benchmarks.

Lou Jiwei on China's banking, PE/VC, IPOs, and Big Tech's role in lending

Pekingnology • 30 implied HN points • 06 Jan 25
💰 Finance Banking Investment Regulation Technology Market
  1. Finance should support high-quality development by improving access to loans for private companies. This includes reducing risks for banks and treating all companies equally, whether state-owned or private.
  2. Government-backed venture capital funds need to focus more on market-driven models. This will help them foster innovation while allowing for some tolerance of failure among startups.
  3. It's important for internet platforms to share the risk in lending to small businesses. By co-lending a portion of the loans, they can help prevent systemic risks in the financial system.

Character.AI: So This is How AI Will Kill Us

Heir to the Thought • 219 implied HN points • 31 Oct 24
🕹 Technology AI Ethics Mental health User Experience
  1. AI products like Character.AI can create harmful attachments for users, sometimes leading to tragic outcomes, like the case of a young user who became obsessed and ultimately took his life.
  2. The rise of AI may lead to increased loneliness and addiction as people prefer interacting with bots over real-life connections, which can result in negative mental health effects.
  3. It's important to consider the real-world impacts of technology and prioritize creating helpful solutions rather than just exciting ones, to prevent future harm.

All paths point downhill

arg min • 218 implied HN points • 31 Oct 24
🕹 Technology Algorithms Optimization Data science Machine Learning Mathematics
  1. In optimization, there are three main approaches: local search, global optimization, and a method that combines both. They all aim to find the best solution to minimize a function.
  2. Gradient descent is a popular method in optimization that works like local search, by following the path of steepest descent to improve the solution. It can also be viewed as a way to solve equations or approximate values.
  3. Newton's method, another optimization technique, is efficient because it converges quickly but requires more computation. Like gradient descent, it can be interpreted in various ways, emphasizing the interconnectedness of optimization strategies.

A 15-minute intro to resin casting

lcamtuf’s thing • 4693 implied HN points • 21 Dec 24
🕹 Technology Engineering Manufacturing Prototyping DIY Materials
  1. Resin casting involves making a mold and pouring liquid plastic into it. This method allows you to create exact replicas of items, capturing all their details.
  2. Compared to 3D printing, resin casting can produce stronger and more durable parts. It also gives a finer finish since the liquid can fill every tiny detail of the mold.
  3. The process includes making a flexible mold from silicone, applying a release agent, and carefully pouring in the resin. It's important to manage air bubbles for the best results.

Macroeconomics: The predator of foolish regimes

Noahpinion • 19353 implied HN points • 19 Dec 24
💰 Finance Macroeconomics Debt Management Economic Policy Socialism
  1. Bad economic decisions, like keeping currency overvalued or borrowing too much in foreign currency, can lead to big problems for any government. This can happen regardless of whether a country is socialist or capitalist.
  2. Countries often face different types of economic crises. For example, some might deal with inflation while others face deflation, and they need to respond differently to fix these situations.
  3. Leaders who think they can control the economy through micromanaging are usually getting it wrong. Big economic problems need big-picture solutions.

Where will AI be at the end of 2027? A bet

Marcus on AI • 6007 implied HN points • 30 Dec 24
🕹 Technology Artificial Intelligence Human-computer interaction AI Policy Machine Learning
  1. A bet has been placed on whether AI can perform 8 out of 10 specific tasks by the end of 2027. It's a way to gauge how advanced AI might be in a few years.
  2. The tasks include things like writing biographies, following movie plots, and writing screenplays, which require a high level of intelligence and creativity.
  3. If the AI succeeds, a $2,000 donation goes to one charity; if it fails, a $20,000 donation goes to another charity. This is meant to promote discussion about AI's future.

What's up Python: MOAR uv, flask-like Django, debugging live processes...

Bite code! • 1467 implied HN points • 29 Dec 24
🕹 Technology Programming Software Web Development Community Debugging
  1. Astral is expanding its projects and has taken control of python-build-standalone, making it easier to install Python on different systems without complicated setups.
  2. PEP 768 is a new proposal that will allow easier and safer debugging for live Python processes, improving how we can fix issues in running applications.
  3. The Django community is updating their framework to be more user-friendly by replacing old commands with simpler ones, while keeping the framework modern and relevant.

"I am rich and have no idea what to do with my life"

Erik Torenberg's Thoughts • 1848 implied HN points • 03 Jan 25
💼 Business Entrepreneurship Personal Finance Career Change Self-discovery Work-life balance
  1. Having a lot of money doesn't always bring happiness or purpose. It's common to feel lost even when you're financially secure.
  2. It’s important to confront your insecurities and challenges head-on. Personal growth often happens when we face difficult times.
  3. Learning for the sake of enjoyment, like studying physics, can be fulfilling. Sometimes, it's fine to not have a big plan and just focus on what makes you happy.

How Paul Krugman changed the public face of economics

Noahpinion • 25647 implied HN points • 11 Dec 24
💼 Business Economics Macroeconomics Public Engagement
  1. Paul Krugman changed economics by making it more accessible and engaging. He believed that good ideas come from everyone, not just top experts.
  2. He played a key role in popularizing Keynesian economics, especially during the Great Recession. His work helped explain the importance of government spending to boost the economy.
  3. Krugman critiqued the academic hierarchy and encouraged open discussions. He showed that even big names in economics could be questioned, which opened the door for new ideas.

The Future of Finance: Substack’s Market Forecast Summit

Substack Blog • 18 implied HN points • 15 Jan 25
💰 Finance Investment Economics Market Trends Financial Independence
  1. Finance and business experts are increasingly sharing knowledge independently, as trust in traditional media decreases. This helps them build real connections with their audience.
  2. The Substack Market Forecast Summit will happen on January 31, where top finance minds will discuss investment strategies and economic trends for 2025.
  3. More finance professionals are using Substack to share their insights directly with subscribers, which offers investors better access to valuable information.

The Anarchist’s Compass No. 1

The American Peasant • 2535 implied HN points • 23 Oct 24
💼 Business Publishing Finance Entrepreneurship Acquisitions Venture Capital
  1. A businessman shared a wild story about buying a small publishing company. He revealed that the owner didn't know he was supposed to keep the cash in the company, and the buyer ended up getting the business almost for free.
  2. The room erupted in laughter when he shared how the situation turned out. It showed how sometimes, deals can have unexpected and surprising outcomes.
  3. This story highlights how important it is to understand business transactions and financial details. Misunderstandings can lead to big surprises for both buyers and sellers.

Why are corporations cutting managers?

In My Tribe • 637 implied HN points • 02 Jan 25
💼 Business Management Corporate Structure Organizational Behavior Employment Trends
  1. Many companies are reducing their number of middle managers to trim costs and cut bureaucracy. This means fewer people are overseeing employees, which can simplify decision-making.
  2. Firms are focusing on their core business and letting go of complex managerial structures that don’t add immediate value. They might be cutting back on certain initiatives to streamline operations.
  3. Cost-cutting has become a priority for many senior executives, especially when revenue growth slows. This focus on reducing expenses can lead to a significant reshaping of company structures.

What is next for collaborations?

The Sociology of Business • 737 implied HN points • 28 Oct 24
💼 Business Marketing Branding Collaborations Consumer behavior
  1. Brands are now combining different areas like food, art, and fashion to create unique experiences for customers. This helps them stand out and attract more attention.
  2. Collaborations allow brands to show their taste and connect with customers in a deeper way, almost like building a community around their identity.
  3. Creative directors play an important role in making brands culturally relevant by exploring new collaborations outside their core market, which helps them grow and stay appealing.

DeepSeek V3 and the cost of frontier AI models

Democratizing Automation • 348 implied HN points • 09 Jan 25
🕹 Technology AI Models Machine Learning Performance evaluation Computational efficiency
  1. DeepSeek V3's training is very efficient, using a lot less compute than other AI models, which makes it more appealing for businesses. The success comes from clever engineering choices and optimizations.
  2. The actual costs of training AI models like DeepSeek V3 are often much higher than reported, considering all research and development expenses. This means the real investment is likely in the hundreds of millions, not just a few million.
  3. DeepSeek is pushing the boundaries of AI development, showing that even smaller players can compete with big tech companies by making smart decisions and sharing detailed technical information.

Resist Summary

The Map is Mostly Water • 2942 implied HN points • 31 Dec 24
🕹 Technology AI Learning Writing Cognition Philosophy
  1. We read too many summaries instead of diving deep into topics. This can make us miss the detailed understanding that comes from exploring original sources.
  2. Writing from your own experience and observations is important. It helps create richer and more interesting content than just summarizing others' ideas.
  3. Using AI for quick answers can simplify things, but it might prevent you from understanding complex ideas. Building a deeper understanding requires slow and careful thinking.

The Nvidia Way

The Chip Letter • 8736 implied HN points • 23 Dec 24
💼 Business Tech Companies Entrepreneurship Corporate culture Innovation Leadership
  1. Nvidia became a leader in AI chip technology by focusing on developing powerful graphics processing units (GPUs) that meet market needs. This success was not just luck; it stemmed from smart investments and a clear strategy over many years.
  2. The company's culture, driven by CEO Jensen Huang, emphasizes risk-taking and execution. Nvidia's approach combines hardware and software innovation, allowing them to stay ahead of competitors and adapt quickly to market changes.
  3. While Nvidia has built a strong market position, questions remain about its future leadership and strategy. The book suggests that the company's core strengths and Huang's influence will be crucial in maintaining its success.

The pitfalls of abundance

Jeff Giesea • 399 implied HN points • 29 Oct 24
📖 Philosophy Existentialism Ethics Human condition Technology impact Cultural critique
  1. Having too much can actually be a problem. It's easy to get overwhelmed with food, social media, and entertainment all around us, making it hard to find balance.
  2. We need to be smart about what we let into our lives. Just like a chef carefully chooses ingredients, we should select our experiences and connections wisely.
  3. It's important to set limits. Finding moderation in abundance helps us focus on what truly matters, like love, relationships, and personal joy.

Seven Predictions for Tech in 2025

Big Technology • 7380 implied HN points • 20 Dec 24
🕹 Technology AI Social media Startups Trends Innovation
  1. Some companies might decide that generative AI isn't right for them, leading to at least one big name publicly quitting it in 2025. It's important for businesses to find what works for them.
  2. Social media may start feeling less relevant as platforms focus less on real news and engage more with content they think will grab our attention. This shift could make important global events seem distant.
  3. Brain-computer interface technology could gain more attention in 2025 as it continues to develop, possibly helping people with disabilities. This could spark new conversations around its potential benefits.